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Creationism vs Evolution
The Christian doctrine of a young-earth, Creationism, was invented in response to the enormous popularity of Darwin's theory of evolution. Since evolution requires long time periods for life to get started, Christians thought to combat the idea of life originating by natural processes (without creation by God) by demonstrating that the earth is very young.
Since then reliable scientific evidence has accumulated indicating that the earth is indeed very old and that it began with the big bang. But young-earth creationists have been unwilling to honestly consider this evidence. Instead they have undermined the scientific method by introducing the "appearance of age" theory in which they claim that even though the universe looks old, it is actually young; but God created it to look old.
This rejection of the established facts of science has alienated the scientific community and caused our science and technology-based culture to look upon Christianity with scorn, rejecting it out of hand. However, there is a growing number of scientists who are Christians who believe that Biblical truth is harmonious with scientific truth.
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The Creation-Science War
There was no such teaching as Creationism until after the time of Jesus; the Old Testament rabbis didn't teach it nor did the apostles teach it. The earliest form of the teaching that the earth is young began several hundred years after Christ with the notion of 6,000 years of human history (by equating each day in the Genesis creation story with 1,000 years). This view is provably false but was taught both by Christians and Rabbis.
It is ironic that modern young-earth creationists who quote the Early Church Fathers as "proof" of their view reject this 6,000-year teaching even though that is clearly what these early writers believed. Young-earth Creationists claim to interpret the word "day" in Genesis 1 literally: but alas, they are not so literal after all (link to Days of Creation).
In these articles I review five books by Hugh Ross who is a progressive creationist. I am not claiming that Hugh Ross's ideas are the true and correct views, but I am highlighting his ideas to illustrate that there are indeed views of old-earth creationism which match well with biblical interpretation and which do not deny God's role in creation.
Hugh Ross books
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Chronology of the Universe According to Science
From Hugh Ross books . . .
| 18 billion years ago
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- Big Bang
- Matter is slightly "clumpy". Under the influence of gravity it collects together causing galaxies and stars to form.
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| 16 billion years ago
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- Stars (and galaxies) begin to form.
- Heavy elements (iron, carbon, silicon, oxygen, phosphorus, etc.) are formed within certain stars.
- Supernovae (exploding stars) eject heavy elements into space.
- Matter collects from gravity to form galaxies, then stars within galaxies.
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| 10 billion years ago
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- Milky Way galaxy originated.
- After several revolutions around the Milky Way the sun collects enough heavy elements in orbit around it to form the planets.
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| 4.6 billion years ago
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- Earth forms.
- Heavy elements (iron, carbon, silicon, oxygen, phosphorus, etc.) condense under the force of gravity to form a solid planet.
- The heaver elements sink to the center of the earth.
- Once the continents solidify, plate tectonics begins and the mountains are formed. Sedimentary rock is created where conditions are favorable.
- Later, fossils get trapped in the sedimentary rock.
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| 3.8 billion years ago
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- First life on earth
- New species appear at regular intervals until modern man appears.
- Many species could only exist during the conditions on earth at the time they existed. In other words, many of the now extinct species could not exist on earth today.
- Many species go extinct during this time period.
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| 1.5 million years ago
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- Hominids appear. They are man-like but not yet true humans. The only species of true-humans is homo-sapiens.
- They make tools, paint caves, and bury their dead.
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| 30,000 - 60,000 years ago
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- The first humans. Homo-sapiens, which is modern man. Adam and Eve.
- There are no new species formed after this.
- Neanderthal man existed between 130,000 and 30,000 B.C. They went extinct before modern man or perhaps because of modern man.
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Hugh Ross books
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What well-known Scientists Say
"We can't understand the universe in any clear way without the supernatural." (Allan Sandage)
"The values of these numbers [in the laws of science] seem to have been very finely adjusted to make possible the development of life." (Stephen Hawking)
Albert Einstein wrote of his desire "to know how God created the universe. I am not interested in this or that phenomenon. . . . I want to know His thought, the rest are details." (Albert Einstein)
"A superintellect has monkeyed with physics." (Sir Fred Hoyle)
"The laws [of physics] . . . seem themselves to be the product of exceedingly ingenious design." (Davis)
After Albert Einstein published his equations of general relativity he acknowledged "the necessity for a beginning" and "the presence of a superior reasoning power."
Hugh Ross books
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What the Bible Says
He stood, and shook the earth; he looked, and made the nations tremble. The ancient mountains crumbled and the age-old hills collapsed. His ways are eternal. (Habakkuk 3:6)
In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. (Genesis 1:1) The big bang.
He spreads out the northern skies over empty space; he suspends the earth over nothing. He wraps up the waters in his clouds, yet the clouds do not burst under their weight. (Job 26:7-8)
From heaven the LORD looks down and sees all mankind; from his dwelling place he watches all who live on earth—he who forms the hearts of all, who considers everything they do. (Psalm 33:13-15)
Hugh Ross books
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Hugh Ross
Hugh Ross is a Christian Creationist, an astrophysicist who has written 5 excellent books that deal with this topic. In related articles of Hugh Ross books I provide the following:
- A summary of his books.
- Links to his web site ("Reasons to Believe").
- Info on ordering these books online.
I have no affiliation whatever with Hugh Ross or his organization.
Hugh Ross books
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Links ...
Hugh Ross books
Creationism | Old Earth Creationism | The 24-Hour Day
Offsite Links ...
The Literal Interpretation of the Genesis One Creation Account
Two articles critical of evolution by Robert Locke who claims to not be a creationist: The Scientific Case Against Evolution and Evolution Is In Trouble
Article originally written March 23, 2000.
Statement of Faith | About the author
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